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Asked by Varsha Last Modified
Answer Surface tension, the cohesive forces present at the surface of a liquid, plays a crucial role in various phenomena. Two phenomena that can be explained based on surface tension are:
Capillary Action: Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces or tubes, often against the force of gravity. This phenomenon occurs due to the combination of adhesive and cohesive forces. Surface tension causes the liquid surface to form a concave meniscus near the walls of the narrow tube, while adhesive forces between the liquid and the tube material pull the liquid upward. This results in the liquid rising in the tube, against gravity. Capillary action is essential in processes such as water uptake by plants, ink absorption in paper, and the operation of capillary tubes in medical devices.
Formation of Drops and Bubbles: Surface tension is responsible for the spherical shape of drops and bubbles. When a liquid drop forms, surface tension acts to minimize the surface area of the droplet, resulting in a spherical shape. Similarly, when a gas bubble forms in a liquid, surface tension at the gas-liquid interface minimizes the surface area, causing the bubble to adopt a spherical shape. This phenomenon is evident in everyday occurrences such as raindrops, soap bubbles, and droplets formed during condensation.
These phenomena demonstrate the important role that surface tension plays in shaping the behavior of liquids and their interactions with surfaces and other substances.
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