What are the ethical hacking tools and software?

Ethical hacking tools and software are designed to help security professionals identify and fix vulnerabilities in computer systems, networks, and applications. These tools are used by ethical hackers, also known as penetration testers or white hat hackers, to simulate cyber attacks and discover weaknesses before malicious hackers can exploit them. Here are some commonly used ethical hacking tools and software:

1. Nmap (Network Mapper): A powerful open-source tool for network discovery and security auditing. It's used to discover hosts and services on a computer network, creating a "map" of the network.

2. Wireshark: A widely-used network protocol analyzer that lets you capture and interactively browse the traffic running on a computer network.

3. Metasploit: An advanced penetration testing framework that allows security professionals to find, exploit, and validate security vulnerabilities.

4. Burp Suite: A set of tools for testing web security. It includes functions such as crawling, scanning, and analyzing web applications.

5. OWASP ZAP (Zed Attack Proxy): An open-source security tool actively maintained by the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP). It helps find security vulnerabilities in web applications during development and testing.

6. Nessus: A widely-used vulnerability scanner that identifies vulnerabilities, policy violations, and malware in networks.

7. Aircrack-ng: A suite of tools for assessing Wi-Fi network security. It includes packet sniffer, WEP and WPA/WPA2-PSK cracker, and analysis tools.

8. John the Ripper: A password cracking tool that can be used to perform dictionary attacks against password hashes.

9. Hydra: A parallelized login cracker that supports numerous protocols to attack remote services.

10. Snort: An open-source intrusion prevention system (IPS) and network intrusion detection system (NIDS). It is capable of performing real-time traffic analysis and packet logging.

11. GDB (GNU Debugger): A powerful debugger for analyzing and fixing software vulnerabilities, commonly used in the development and debugging process.

12. Sqlmap: An open-source penetration testing tool that automates the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection flaws.

13. Scapy: A powerful interactive packet manipulation program and library for Python. It can be used to create custom packets and perform various network-related tasks.

14. Hashcat: A password recovery tool that supports various hashing algorithms and attack methods for password cracking.

15. Netcat: A versatile networking utility that can be used for port scanning, creating network connections, and transferring files.

It's important to note that the use of these tools should always comply with applicable laws and ethical standards. Unauthorized use of hacking tools on systems you do not own or have explicit permission to test can lead to legal consequences. Ethical hacking should always be conducted in a responsible and legal manner.