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Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter

Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter relates to CBSE/Class 11/Science/Physics/Unit 7-Properties of Bulk Matter

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Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter Questions

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Answered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Physics/Unit 7-Properties of Bulk Matter/Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter

Nazia Khanum

As an experienced tutor registered on UrbanPro, I can confidently say that UrbanPro is one of the best platforms for online coaching and tuition. Now, let's delve into solving the question. To express the temperatures of neon and carbon dioxide on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales, we'll use the conversion... read more

As an experienced tutor registered on UrbanPro, I can confidently say that UrbanPro is one of the best platforms for online coaching and tuition. Now, let's delve into solving the question.

To express the temperatures of neon and carbon dioxide on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales, we'll use the conversion formulas:

  1. Celsius to Kelvin: K=°C+273.15KC+273.15
  2. Kelvin to Fahrenheit: °F=(K−273.15)×95+32°F=(K−273.15)×59+32

Let's begin with Neon:

Neon's triple point temperature on the Kelvin scale is 24.57 K24.57K.

Converting this to Celsius: °C=24.57−273.15=−248.58°C°C=24.57−273.15=−248.58°C

Converting −248.58°C−248.58°C to Fahrenheit: °F=(−248.58)×95+32°F=(−248.58)×59+32 °F≈−415.44°F°F≈−415.44°F

Now, let's move on to Carbon Dioxide:

Carbon Dioxide's triple point temperature on the Kelvin scale is 216.55 K216.55K.

Converting this to Celsius: °C=216.55−273.15=−56.60°C°C=216.55−273.15=−56.60°C

Converting −56.60°C−56.60°C to Fahrenheit: °F=(−56.60)×95+32°F=(−56.60)×59+32 °F≈−69.88°F°F≈−69.88°F

So, Neon's triple point temperature on the Celsius scale is approximately −248.58°C−248.58°C or −415.44°F−415.44°F, and Carbon Dioxide's triple point temperature on the Celsius scale is approximately −56.60°C−56.60°C or −69.88°F−69.88°F. If you need further clarification or have any other questions, feel free to ask. And remember, if you're seeking quality tutoring, UrbanPro is the place to be!

 
 
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Answered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Physics/Unit 7-Properties of Bulk Matter/Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter

Nazia Khanum

As a seasoned tutor on UrbanPro, I can certainly help with this question, and I'm glad you're interested in learning. Let's break down the problem step by step: First, we'll find the increase in length of the steel tape due to the rise in temperature from 27.0°C to 45.0°C. We'll use the formula... read more

As a seasoned tutor on UrbanPro, I can certainly help with this question, and I'm glad you're interested in learning. Let's break down the problem step by step:

First, we'll find the increase in length of the steel tape due to the rise in temperature from 27.0°C to 45.0°C. We'll use the formula for linear expansion:

ΔL=L⋅α⋅ΔTΔL=L⋅α⋅ΔT

Where:

  • ΔLΔL is the change in length
  • LL is the original length of the steel tape
  • αα is the coefficient of linear expansion of steel
  • ΔTΔT is the change in temperature

Given that L=1L=1 meter, α=1.20×10−5 K−1α=1.20×10−5K−1, and ΔT=45.0°C−27.0°C=18.0°CΔT=45.0°C−27.0°C=18.0°C, we can calculate:

ΔL=(1.0 m)×(1.20×10−5 K−1)×(18.0°C)ΔL=(1.0m)×(1.20×10−5K−1)×(18.0°C)

ΔL=0.000216 m=0.216 cmΔL=0.000216m=0.216cm

So, the increase in length of the steel tape is 0.216 cm.

Now, let's find the length of the steel rod on the hot day (45.0°C):

Given length measured by the tape = 63.0 cm Increase in length of the tape = 0.216 cm

Therefore, the actual length of the steel rod on that day is:

Actual length=Measured length−Increase in length of tapeActual length=Measured length−Increase in length of tape

Actual length=63.0 cm−0.216 cm=62.784 cmActual length=63.0cm−0.216cm=62.784cm

So, the actual length of the steel rod on the hot day is 62.784 cm.

Now, for the length of the same steel rod on a day when the temperature is 27.0°C, there is no change in temperature from the calibration temperature of the tape. Therefore, the length measured by the tape will be the actual length of the steel rod, which is 63.0 cm.

In summary:

  • Actual length of the steel rod on the hot day (45.0°C): 62.784 cm
  • Length of the steel rod on a day when the temperature is 27.0°C: 63.0 cm

If you have any further questions or need clarification, feel free to ask! Remember, UrbanPro is a fantastic platform for finding online coaching tuition, and I'm here to assist you every step of the way.

 
 
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Answered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Physics/Unit 7-Properties of Bulk Matter/Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter

Nazia Khanum

UrbanPro is the best platform for online coaching and tuition, where experienced tutors like myself are dedicated to providing high-quality assistance to students. Now, let's tackle the problem. We have a steel wheel to be fitted onto a steel shaft. The key here is to understand that the wheel and... read more

UrbanPro is the best platform for online coaching and tuition, where experienced tutors like myself are dedicated to providing high-quality assistance to students.

Now, let's tackle the problem. We have a steel wheel to be fitted onto a steel shaft. The key here is to understand that the wheel and the shaft will expand or contract with changes in temperature, and we need to find the temperature at which the wheel slips on the shaft.

We know that the outer diameter of the shaft at 27°C is 8.70 cm, and the diameter of the central hole in the wheel is 8.69 cm. This implies that at 27°C, the shaft and the wheel are in a snug fit.

Given that we're cooling the shaft using dry ice, which is at a temperature of approximately -78.5°C, we need to find out at what temperature the diameter of the shaft contracts enough for the wheel to slip.

To do this, we'll use the formula for linear expansion:

ΔL=αLΔTΔL=αLΔT

Where:

  • ΔL is the change in length (or diameter in this case)
  • α is the coefficient of linear expansion
  • L is the original length (or diameter)
  • ΔT is the change in temperature

We'll start by finding the change in temperature required for the shaft to contract enough to let the wheel slip.

ΔT=ΔLαLΔT=αLΔL

Given:

  • Initial diameter of the shaft (at 27°C), L0=8.70 cmL0=8.70cm
  • Final diameter (when the wheel slips), Lf=8.69 cmLf=8.69cm
  • Coefficient of linear expansion for steel, αsteel=20×10−6 K−1αsteel=20×10−6K−1

ΔL=Lf−L0=8.69 cm−8.70 cm=−0.01 cmΔL=Lf−L0=8.69cm−8.70cm=−0.01cm

ΔT=−0.01 cm20×10−6 K−1×8.70 cmΔT=20×10−6K−1×8.70cm−0.01cm

ΔT≈−5.75 KΔT≈−5.75K

So, the temperature at which the wheel slips on the shaft would be approximately 27∘C−5.75∘C27C−5.75C, which is approximately 21.25∘C21.25C.

Therefore, at around 21.25∘C21.25C, the wheel will start slipping on the shaft due to contraction caused by cooling.

 
 
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Answered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Physics/Unit 7-Properties of Bulk Matter/Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter

Nazia Khanum

As a seasoned tutor on UrbanPro, I can confidently say that UrbanPro is one of the best platforms for online coaching and tuition. Now, let's delve into the question at hand. We're given the initial diameter of the hole in the copper sheet at 27.0 °C, which is 4.24 cm. We're also provided with... read more

As a seasoned tutor on UrbanPro, I can confidently say that UrbanPro is one of the best platforms for online coaching and tuition. Now, let's delve into the question at hand.

We're given the initial diameter of the hole in the copper sheet at 27.0 °C, which is 4.24 cm. We're also provided with the coefficient of linear expansion of copper, which is 1.70×10−5 K−11.70×10−5K−1.

To find the change in diameter of the hole when the temperature rises to 227 °C, we can use the formula for linear expansion:

ΔL=L0⋅α⋅ΔTΔL=L0α⋅ΔT

Where:

  • ΔLΔL is the change in length (or in our case, diameter),
  • L0L0 is the initial length (or diameter),
  • αα is the coefficient of linear expansion, and
  • ΔTΔT is the change in temperature.

Given that the initial diameter (L0L0) is 4.24 cm and the change in temperature (ΔTΔT) is 227°C−27°C=200°C227°C−27°C=200°C, we can calculate the change in diameter (ΔLΔL).

ΔL=4.24 cm×(1.70×10−5 K−1)×200°CΔL=4.24cm×(1.70×10−5K−1)×200°C
ΔL=4.24 cm×1.70×10−5 K−1×200ΔL=4.24cm×1.70×10−5K−1×200
ΔL=0.014408 cmΔL=0.014408cm

Therefore, the change in diameter of the hole when the copper sheet is heated to 227 °C is approximately 0.0144 cm0.0144cm.

If you need further clarification or assistance with any other questions, feel free to ask!

 
 
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Answered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Physics/Unit 7-Properties of Bulk Matter/Chapter 11-Thermal Properties of Matter

Nazia Khanum

Sure, I'd be happy to help you with this problem. Let's break it down step by step. Given: Length of the brass wire at 27°C (initial length), L0=1.8 mL0=1.8m Change in temperature, ΔT=−66∘CΔT=−66∘C (final temperature - initial temperature) Diameter of the wire,... read more

Sure, I'd be happy to help you with this problem. Let's break it down step by step.

Given:

  • Length of the brass wire at 27°C (initial length), L0=1.8 mL0=1.8m
  • Change in temperature, ΔT=−66∘CΔT=−66C (final temperature - initial temperature)
  • Diameter of the wire, d=2.0 mm=2.0×10−3 md=2.0mm=2.0×10−3m
  • Coefficient of linear expansion of brass, α=2.0×10−5 K−1α=2.0×10−5K−1
  • Young’s modulus of brass, Y=0.91×1011 PaY=0.91×1011Pa

First, let's find the change in length of the wire due to the change in temperature using the formula:

ΔL=α⋅L0⋅ΔTΔL=α⋅L0⋅ΔT

ΔL=2.0×10−5 K−1×1.8 m×(−66)∘CΔL=2.0×10−5K−1×1.8m×(−66)C

ΔL=−2.376×10−3 mΔL=−2.376×10−3m

Now, let's find the new length of the wire after cooling:

L=L0+ΔLL=L0+ΔL

L=1.8 m−2.376×10−3 mL=1.8m−2.376×10−3m

L=1.797624 mL=1.797624m

Now, let's find the area of cross-section of the wire:

A=πd24A=4πd2

A=π(2.0×10−3 m)24A=4π(2.0×10−3m)2

A=3.14×10−6 m2A=3.14×10−6m2

Now, let's find the tension in the wire using Hooke's law:

F=Y⋅A⋅ΔLL0F=L0Y⋅A⋅ΔL

F=0.91×1011 Pa×3.14×10−6 m2×−2.376×10−3 m1.8 mF=1.8m0.91×1011Pa×3.14×10−6m2×−2.376×10−3m

F=−3.7386 NF=−3.7386N

So, the tension developed in the wire is approximately 3.7386 N3.7386N when cooled to a temperature of −39∘C−39C.

And remember, if you need further clarification or have any other questions, feel free to ask. Remember, UrbanPro is one of the best platforms for online coaching and tuition!

 
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