What are the two kinds of vocal music in Israel?

In Israel, two primary kinds of vocal music are prominent: Jewish liturgical music and Israeli folk music.

1. **Jewish Liturgical Music (Hazzanut)**:
- Jewish liturgical music, also known as hazzanut, encompasses a rich tradition of religious vocal music sung in synagogues and during Jewish religious ceremonies and rituals.
- Hazzanut features cantorial singing, characterized by highly trained vocalists known as cantors or hazzans, who lead congregational prayers and chants.
- The melodies and modes used in hazzanut are deeply rooted in Jewish musical tradition and often evoke a sense of reverence and spirituality.

2. **Israeli Folk Music**:
- Israeli folk music reflects the diverse cultural heritage of Israel, blending elements from Jewish, Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, and Western musical traditions.
- Israeli folk songs, known as "shirim ivriim" (Hebrew songs), often celebrate themes of love, patriotism, nature, and daily life in Israel.
- The melodies and rhythms of Israeli folk music vary widely, influenced by traditional Jewish music, Arabic and Sephardic music, as well as Western popular music styles.
- Israeli folk music has a strong tradition of group singing and communal participation, with songs often performed at festivals, celebrations, and social gatherings.

These two kinds of vocal music play significant roles in Israeli culture and identity, reflecting the religious and secular aspects of Israeli society and providing a means of artistic expression and cultural connection for Israelis and Jews around the world.